If Blood Pressure is high what you can do immediately ?

Blood pressure depends on cardiac output and peripheral vascular resistance and cardiac output depends on stroke volume and heart rate   

 Blood pressure=Cardiac output ×PVR

🔺 PVR=Peripheral Vascular Resistance

Cardiac output=Stroke volume  ✖️ Heart rate 

Treatment for sever hypertension  

In hypertension emegency end organ(Eye,Kidney,Brain) damage occurs.In Hypertension Urgency no end organ damage. 

Drugs in Hypertension  urgency 

1.Nifedipine

2.Captopril

3.Clonidine

Drugs in Hypertension emergency

1.Labetolol

2.Nitroglycerin

3.Nitroprusside

4.Hydralzine

5.Enaloprimat

6.Nicardipine

Overall drug of choice for hypertension emergency is Nicardipine and in pregnancy is labetalol because Captopril causes rash with itch and orthostatic hypotension.captopril is ACE inhibitor.Captopril is contraindicated in pregnancy,hyperkalemia, bilateral renal artery stenosis.

Nitroglycerin is a venodilator.Side effects of nitroglycerin is postural hypotension,dizziness,headache.Nitroprusside is both venodilator and arterial dilator.Nitroprusside is metabolized in blood vessel and it's metabolite is cyanide which causes cyanide toxicity .

Nifedipine and Nicardipine are arterial dilators and calcium channel blockers.

 

Nifedipine and Nicardipine mainly act on blood vessels and causes vasodilation.

Hydralzine is also arterial dilator.It opens potassium channel.Side effects of hydralzine are 

• Headache
• Hypotension
• Systemic lupus erythema(most common in female with in 6 months of drug use)
• Sweet's syndrome